A day at lake Essay examples

A day at lake Essay examples A day at lake Essay examples A Day At The Lake On a hot summer day, the only good place to go is to the lake. You would go out to the lake to enjoy the water, the sun, the activities that are happening, or just to be with family and friends. When you're at the lake, there are some very distinct smells. The hickey smell of campfire smoke always lets you know that there are marshmallows and hotdogs being roasted. You'll never want to touch your hair from putting your fingers on the sticky marshmallow; to me it's just crazy glue. But you can always enjoy the sweet coconut smell of sun tanning lotion that people put on themselves while they lay into the sun to basically "cook." If you're looking for a quiet relaxation at the lake, I don't think that will work out too well. The lake is always really loud throughout the day. You can hear the loud motors of the boat and the waves of the water as the boat comes crashing through. You'll definitely be able to hear the laughter and the excitement of the kids as they splash around in the la ke. People began to come out to the lake to enjoy the extraordinary gift God has created for us. Eventually, the lake became a room filled with laughter. Children are scooping up the featherlike sand and remolding them into magnificent image of their wild imagination. I stretch my legs and slouch down on the platform of the lake; with an ice cream in one hand melting its way down, I spy on everyone on the beach. A group of teenage boys are playing tag with the girls as if they were kids again; the beach really did bring everyone closer to each other and bring back memories of my childhood. Everything was possible to do at the lake. From the way people dress to the things they do, it describes them and their unique personality. Mad balls are thrown around in the air as people play volleyball, football, soccer and all sorts of different ball games. Sweat dripped down everyone’s faces after playing hard out in the sun; some race to reapply sunscreen on their dehydrated skin whil st the others take a dive into the lake to cool off. Out onto the far lake, I can see glimpse of people riding jet-skis racing as fast as a bullet toward the never-ending

whaling essays

whaling essays A wondrous tale, could the rave old whale, Of the mighty deep disclose; Of the skeleton forms, of by-gone storms, And of treasures, that no one knows. He has seen the crew, when the tempest blew. Drop down from the slippery deck, As he shook the tide, from his glassy side, And sporting mongst ocean and wreck. Sea Song, from the Journal of a Sailor. The history of whaling embodies the American spirit in its absolute form. Expansion, industrialization, innovation, self-reliance and cultural contrast are all inter-woven in this tale of America's first manufacturing industry and the first opportunities presented to men of color and foreign origin. While America's native Indians first hunted whales in canoes during the early 17th century, it wasn't until fifty years later that whaling became a organic venture off the shores of Long Island Sound and Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts. A the United States became the most important whaling nation of the world.@ (# 3) Look-out stations were set up along the beaches to spot Right Whales, which frequented the New England coast from October until June. When a whale was sighted, small boats carrying crews of six were sent into the waters to harpoon the whale and then Athe carcass would be brought back to the Commercial Wharf @ (# 2) where the whale blubber would be boiled and converted into crude oil. Whaling soon became a very important economic enterprise, as the oil was sold to brighten homes. Around 1690, the inhabitants of Nantucket Island recognized the likelihood economic rewards associated with the trading of whale oil. Located just 17 miles off the coast of Massachusetts, ...

ABORTION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ABORTION - Essay Example The wealthy were able to travel abroad or pay high fees to a local doctor willing to perform the procedure for a price. Poor women had to resort to less safe options. Prohibiting abortions does not and has never stopped them from occurring; it just acts to harm women. People opposed to legal abortions are also in the same camp that opposes programs that aid the impoverished and abused children who are the result of unwanted pregnancies. They point to ‘Christian morals’ and ‘family values’ as justification for the loss of liberty, discrimination of the poor and the increased cases of injured women. This divide of morals and concepts will never be bridged but the debate whether abortion should be legal or not is a matter for the courts. This discussion considers the legal aspects of the abortion issue. The arguments for and against are significant in a social context yet don’t really mean anything because they will not decide whether or not abortions remain safe and lawful. The Roe v. Wade case, brought before the U.S. Supreme Court in 1973, resulted in the Court’s determination that women have the constitutional right to have an abortion prior to when the fetus is viable, meaning when it can survive on its own outside the woman’s womb. The decision removed any state law that restricted a woman to have an abortion or a doctor to perform an abortion during the first three months (first trimester) of a pregnancy. It also restricted abortions during the second-trimester unless a woman’s health was in danger (â€Å"Roe v. Wade†, 1997: 312). Though the case was then and is still strongly debated, the Court’s decision was correct from a constitutional context. Critics of the decision have generally made arguments based on personal moral beliefs which don’t count when the language of the Constitution is examined. Their moral arguments against the Roe decision can be quickly dismissed by weighing the

To what extent should we make moral judgments about cultural practices Essay

To what extent should we make moral judgments about cultural practices from outside our own culture - Essay Example Those who recommend this hold that the world is sharply divided into separate societies, sealed units, each with its own system of thought. They feel that the respect and tolerance due from one system to another forbids us ever to take up a critical position to any other culture." (Midgley, 69) According to this perspective, moral judgment is a kind of coinage valid only in its country of origin and the author terms this position ass 'moral isolationism'. Midgley also maintains that it is not forced upon individuals, and indeed makes no sense at all, to make moral judgment about other cultures. Unlike the general thinking that such an attempt to make moral judgment about other cultures is a respectful attitude to other cultures, the author purports that one cannot respect what is entirely unintelligible to one and therefore it is not respectful attitude. Here, the author comes up with her central argument of the article and there is every reason to realize it as true and rational. As the author argues, it is essential for one to know enough about another person or culture in order to come up with an evenhanded judgment about the culture or person. Therefore, Mary Midgley makes some essential arguments concerning moral judgment of other cultures in her article "On Trying out One's New Sword" and a reflective analysis of the article helps us in determining to what extent we should make moral judgments about cultural practices from outside our own culture. The article "On Trying out One's New Sword" suggests a moral isolationism which lays down a general ban on moral reasoning with regard to making moral judgments about strange cultures. In order to establish her argument, the author makes use of some remote example from the classical Japanese with a verb which means 'to try out one's new sword on a chance wayfarer'. According to this example, the Samurai is required to try out this new sword on any wayfarer who was not another Samurai, and this action could injure his honor, offend his ancestors, and even let down his emperor. "Now when we hear of a custom like this, we may well reflect that we do not understand it; and therefore are not qualified to criticize it at all, because we are not members of that culture. But we are not members of any other culture either, except our own. So we extend the principle to cover all extraneous cultures, and we seem therefore to be moral isolationists." (Midgley, 70) Midgley also deals with certain fundamental questions about moral isolationism with reference to making moral judgments about strange cultures. First of all, she examines whether the isolating barrier work both ways or people in other cultures are equally unable to criticize others. According to her, outsiders can deliver perfectly good indictments, although it makes more than two weeks to make them demining. "Intelligent outsiders can progress in it, and in some ways will be at an advantage over the locals. But, if this is so, it must clearly apply to ourselves as much as anybody else." (Midgley, 70) The author also deals with the question whether the isolating barrier between cultures block praise as well as blame. It is important to make immaculate judgments about other

Devils Advocate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Devils Advocate - Essay Example The main theme for a consumer would be to relate the attainment of highest self-esteem standards by the use of the product. This zeros in on whether the same is applied on the image. For instance, consumers may shy off from an advert in which the model has a low self-esteem of herself if modesty is not appropriately applied. Second, by Coca Cola using beautiful ladies in advertising their products, the main aspects that emerge are those of a company highly considerate of selling quality. That is why they select on the best. Consequently, size matters a lot in the body image put on adverts, as the products would in most cases be associated with good health and prosperity if used by the consumer (Lin 40). Finally, attainment of good body standards by the women is usually perceived as a key determinant in the sale of items as good looks usually creates the impression and illusion that the associated products are also of good quality. Hence, most people have always bought items just because the company used good body images of high quality to market the products and have the models appear as having good body standards. However, in the negative side, the use of body standards in advertising as has been used by Coca Cola may have diverse negative effects on the society with regard to how the company is perceived. One main way by which the adverts have greatly affected consumers in the negative perspective is to have them appear and feel insecure about their own bodies. As such, most women tend to copy the bodily image shown in a bid to appear as them but, instead they end up being emancipated. Negative body standard of the image arises when the society is made to believe that they can only be good looking by enjoying certain products or appearing as the models whose images are on the products. Currently, the society in which we live in is too obsessed by the appearances, weight

New Era Of Societal Marketing Concept Marketing Essay

New Era Of Societal Marketing Concept Marketing Essay Before the new era of societal marketing concept, this is where by people involves in farming to feed themselves and family. All the agricultural crops or food generated was not for sale but some of the output was bartered (i.e. subsistence economy or subsistence farming). The benefit of subsistence economy creates enough food for its people but there is no surplus food so that no food will be wasted. Marketing started during the mass production of goods and services which is called the production era. What led to production era is scarcity or access demand of products and this make firms to measured their success by involving in mass production because its reduces cost of production and increases profitability. The second marketing era is known as Sale era, this is the generating of income for the firm or business. This was during 1950s where there was excess of supply of product in the market and it was too much for what the market demanded for. To make consumer to buy the excess product supplied. Firms involve in using a variety of selling techniques and promotional techniques to inform potential customers to buy their products, by way of advertising and skilful personal selling in order to convert products to cash. The benefit to firm is that it generates income to the business while to the consumers they buy in lower price. Market era is the third era; this is the understanding of the prospective buyers after the Second World War. So many firms or industries were destroyed in other countries, except for that in the United State. Firms found it easy to sell their products because there was little competition, during these period businesses realised they could produce new product in different ways to satisfy customers need and want. To do this firms change their thinking from that of manufacturing products to that of satisfying customers, for them to be able to produce the right products to the market in a low price and also to reduce cost of production. Marketing era is the fourth era; this is where by every activities of an organisation must revolve around customer. To do this some company set up operating policy, technical research, to provide quality products and services to their customers. Also to reduce prices of their product and increase customer value, these enable organisation to satisfy their customers by meeting the marketing concept. http://www.answers.com/topic/subsistence-farming29/12/2009 http://www.answers.com/topic/marketing#Marketing_orientations 29/12/2009 Consumers are often referred to as the king. Explain this statement from notable marketing definitions and concepts. Consumers are often referred to as a king because without them business or organisation wouldnt be able to survive or exist. Marketing definitions that talks about consumers are: Marketing is the management process that identifies, anticipates and satisfies customers requirements profitably. By The Chartered Institute of marketing. This definition talk about how marketer strives to know what consumers wants are by acting on it to bring the wants to their door steps to please them. Marketing is the human activity directed at satisfying human needs and wants through an exchange process. By Philip Kotler. Marketing is essentially about marshalling the resources of an organisation so that they meet the changing needs of the customer on whom the organisation depends. By Palmer Marketing is the implementation of marketing concept (in the 1990s) requires attention to three basic elements of the marketing concept. These are: customer orientation; an organisation to implement a customer orientation; long range customer and societal welfare. By Cohen. Marketing is the whole business seen from the customers point of view. By Drucker. http://www.marketingteacher.com/Lessons/lesson_what_is_marketing.htm 29/12/2009 Question 2 Every marketing organisation operates in a complex and dynamic business environment. Identify and explain various micro and macro environmental variables affecting marketing companies in United Kingdom. Business environment entails all factors affecting business positively and negatively. This can be classified as controllable environmental factors (i.e. internal environment) and Uncontrollable environmental factors (i.e. external environment). Under external environment we have immediate external and general external. All these factors determine the success of a business as far the organisation is able to manage the internal environment and adapt to the changes of any external environmental factors. Internal environmental factors are: Employees Shareholders Company policy Employees For an organisation to be successful employees play a vital role to enable firm achieve their goals and also firms need to empower the employees to make them perform their duties. Employees in UK may affect marketing companies positively or negatively. For instance, if a marketing company employed the right staff. Involves in training and development of these staff on how to render service to a customer these may be a good impact on the firm because the moment customer is satisfy with the service render these might encourage him or her to come back again. This could be an edge over its competitors. If an employee is not motivated, lack training and development these may be a negative impact on the organisation and it could lead to low sales. Shareholders The UK shareholders may affect marketing company by pressurising or forcing them to change their organisations strategy from satisfying customers and focus on profits. In doing these, the organisation may involve in a new tactics like pricing strategy to make more profit. In a competitive market where the market determines the price like in UK, this could lead to organisation failure. Company policy This is a lay down procedure to guide staff on how best to operate in an organisation, in order to make firms achieve their objectives. In a situation where by the company policy is not well layout to guide the staff on what to do, these may affect marketing company not to achieve their objectives. Immediate external environmental factors are: Customers Competitors Supplier Customers factors Every marketing organisation that is profit oriented definitely depends on it customers for success. In any marketing company, customers are very crucial because without them businesses wont be able to survive. Customers in UK may affect marketing organisation either positively or negatively. For example if the government increase the tax and national insurance charges this may affect the customers spending power and it could affect marketing sales because consumers will have less money to spend on their commodities. It also slow down business sales and reduce their profits. In the other hand, if there is decrease in tax and national insurance. This will favour the marketing organisation and customers. Customers spending power will increase because they have more money to spend on their commodities. However, customers need to be respected, given good services, quality products, build up long term relationship with them, listen to their complains, art fast on their complains and provide value for their money to enable them come back again. Any marketing company who is able to provide all these will be successful. Competitors factors This is where by marketing organisations compete with each other in terms of price, quality products, customer services etc. to enable them be in business. UK government uses these forces to checkmate prices of products. They allow competition because if there is a lot of marketing company, these will make price of products to be control by the market and not by the competitors. This is affecting marketing organisation because they are unable to fix price on their products due to many competitors. Suppliers factors Suppliers effect to a marketing organisation cannot be over looked. If there is sudden increase on prices of raw material, they may be force to push up their prices and these may affect organisation marketing strategy by forcing them to raise their products price and it could slow down sales because not every consumer will be able to adapt to the changes in price immediately. Also delayed payment of suppliers or lack of good relationship may affect quick delivering of goods to the marketing companies and it could make customers not to rely on them anymore. General external environmental factors are: The general external forces are factors that are beyond the firms or businesses direct control. Political Economic Socio-cultural Technological Political factors These are factors that affect businesses and the spending power of the consumers through taxation, legislation etc. UK government can influence businesses positively by reducing the corporation tax and indirect tax charges (i.e. the profits of business and VAT charges on some products) to enable firms make more profits and expand, this could lead firms to reduce their products prices as well for the benefit of the consumer. Also they can influence consumers positively by cutting down tax charges on their income earn to allow them have more money to spend on their commodities or wants. The increase on direct and indirect tax this make business to increase their products prices as well and it also decreases the business profits because not every individual will be able to afford the products. However, consumers may find it very difficult to buy their wants because of the high price of products and high charges on their income earned. Laws made by UK government could affect businesses in so many ways. For example if government increase the minimum wage this could affect them, if they are unable to meet the increase in minimum wage. It may lead to some of the staff retrenched and also they may increase their products prices for them to be in business. Economic factors Marketing companies need to look into UK economy in the short and long terms before planning and also look for ways of adapting to any changes in the future such as changes in income, population, gross domestic profit, exchange rate, inflation rate and climate etc. Currently the marketing companies in UK experience climate change which really affect sales because so many people was unable to go out to do their shopping due to bad weather condition (i.e. snow). Also changes in consumers income might affect marketing companys sales as well. For example, if government increases taxes on income these will affect the purchasing power of consumers because they have limited amount of money to spend on their commodities and these will reduces market organisation sales and profits. Technological factors Marketing companies in UK who wants to dominate the market or compete with competitors should be able to adapt to the new technology. For example, car company as advance in technology by providing consumer a good cars, such as automatic and computerised cars. As we all know that the era of manual cars is going gradually because of advancement in technology. If there is any car companies who are unable to adapt to the new technology these may affect it cars sales in the market because of lack of technology. Also technology have enable car companies to sell their cars via internet, paying by bank card and advertising through the internet which is an opportunities to them to sell more cars and increase profitability. Social-cultural factors This looks into some factors such as lifestyle changing, culture, beliefs, value and geographical differences that may affect any organisations. In a marketing organisation where by the lifestyle of consumers changes due to low income earn these may affect marketing company because consumer would like to change some of his or her product to a lower price once in order to manage its income perfectly to its needs or wants. This may be a threat to the manufacturing of the product left and an opportunity to the product consumer change to. Understanding any market requires a thorough classification by segments. Identify and explain various basis of market segmentation by proposing the segmentation criteria that can be used for two products in different markets. Many market organisation use different criteria to segment their product to a particular market, such as: Demographical segmentation Geographical segmentation Benefit segmentation Demographical segmentation This is where by market is been divided into groups based on factors such as age, income, social class grouping, family size, lifestyle, gender and family life cycle. By proposing a social class segmentation criteria that can be used for two products such as motor cars and clothing, a marketers would like to look into the social status and occupation of individual to enable them provide a variety of cars that will satisfy the upper middle class, middle class, lower middle class, skilled working class, working class and those at the lowest level of subsistence by providing them cars that they will be able to afford. This helps marketers to know where to locate their shop site or operate their business because individual in these category live in a different areas that suit each group. Social class segmentation table Grade social status occupation % of UK population A Upper middle class Higher managerial or professional 10% (Company directors, lawyers) B middle class middle managerial or professional 15% (Managers, nurses, teachers) C1 lower middle class supervisory or clerical (shop assistants) 26% C2 skilled working class skilled manual workers (technicians) 17% D working class semi-skilled unskilled manual worker 20% E Those at the lowest lowest grade workers 12% Level of subsistence (casual workers, state pensioners) Age is another factor of segmentation criteria used for product like cloths This is where by market organisation display their product design and packaging to meet the wants of different groups according to age differentiation of consumers. While some marketers may focus on one particular age group (e.g. mother care shops) only focus on baby things nothing else. In terms of cloths, manufacturer produces cloth of different sizes, different quality and different texture to meet the taste of customers. This enable marketer to reach their customers by locating their shops close to them, also these determine the prices of product like cloth they sell in rich people area and poor people area as well. Geographical segmentation This is a process of identifying consumers according to the area where they live such as villages, city, regions, and countries. Also to look into their climate condition if it will be favourable or profitable for their product. Any marketing organisation that is into multi-national and global business involves in some programme activities that will advertise and promote its products to meet the needs of individual geographic units. Climate In most African countries the weather condition is very hot and these enable car companies to produce cars that will suit the needs of their consumers in that very geographic units, by providing them cars that will acclimatize to the countries climate (i.e. by putting air-condition) to make their customers feel comfortable when driving or inside the car. Most of these African countries use a left hand drive cars, so any car companies who want to supply it product to these geographic unit should be able to provide them what they really wanted for the purpose of making profits. Countries Cloth companies produce cloths that will suit the benefit of consumers according to their geographic unit because each country has their own culture and traditional wears. Like in India, the cloth they produce wont sell in United Kingdom due to their different believes. Benefit segmentation This may be used by organisation such as car companies to develop a range of products by segmenting the market through benefit that consumers find from product. For example, some people will be interested in safety, others in load space or performance. Cars companies develop ranges of products to please these different segments and also to promote the product in different ways to the different groups. http://tutor2u.net/business/marketing/segmentation_bases_geographic.asp 12/01/2010 http://tutor2u.net/business/marketing/segmentation_bases_demographic.asp 12/01/2010 Question 3 Explain product life cycle with a typical diagram and identify characteristics and essential strategies for survival of each stage of the life cycle. Definition of product life cycle Product life cycle is the process of improving a product over time through redesigning or replacing old version of product. Adopted from: http://www.marketingteacher.com/Lessons/lesson_plc.htm 2/1/2010 Introduction stage At this stage an organisation may involve in promotion to create awareness to the general public or target market about the new product. For instance, if the product has no or few competitors, a skimming pricing strategy may be used or penetration pricing may be employed to attract customers to buy the product. The level of distribution is limited, at these level sales is low because the product is new to the market. Growth stage This is where by competitors are attracted to the market with similar products because consumers has realised the benefit or usefulness of the product. Sales are growing rapidly and the cost of production per unit is falling (i.e. economies of scale). The product now becomes more profitable and the spending on advertising is high to focus upon the building brand. Because competitors are growing, the firm may still keep to penetration pricing strategy or push up the price a little bit to make more profits. Maturity stage Rapid sales growth cannot last forever. At the stage of maturity these is where by the product sales slowdown and reach it highest because competition is high and most organisations fight to maintain their market share by striving to make their product look difference from competitors products. The profit is quite high and the distribution level is high as well. Pricing strategy employed may be competitive pricing. Decline stage At these stage the market is shrinking, sales is falling and competition is falling as well because no firm will like to invest their money in a product that is unprofitable. To make the product profitable, some company may cut down the cost to enable them use a promotional techniques such as special offer of the product to consumers or by repositioning the product to other market segment (i.e. children, adult etc.). If it doesnt yield any profit still these may be the withdrawal of the product from market but if it does more competitors will rise to do something similar. http://www.marketingteacher.com/Lessons/lesson_plc.htm 2/1/2010 Decision of an organisation to embark on either extensive or selective distribution strategy is contingent on some factors. Identify and explain the factors responsible for the choice of a strategy using both industrial and consumer products as examples. Definition of selective distribution Selective distribution: this is where by producer uses few retail outlets in a geographical area to distribute its product (e.g. Televisions, computers and household appliances) to the consumers. The factors that determine the distribution strategy to be use are Market factors Product factors Producer factors Market factors This is where by buyer behaviour determine how product will be distributed to the market; it means would buyer prefer to purchase the product from retailer or through ordering online and in what ways will the buyer get the product information needed before buying (e.g. like motor cars, computers and household appliances). Middlemen willingness to market the product is a factor as well. Retailer may consider the cost involves in training, equipment needed and warehouse expansion that product required. The cost may be too high for them not to be in support to sell the product. Product factors Product like company equipment may be supply direct to customer because of it size while perishable product like meat, fish and bread may be supplier to the consumer through intermediaries such as retailers. Producer factors Manufacturers willingness to control the price that a product will be sold to consumers is a factor. Producers who want to have control over how, to whom and at what price a product is sold dont need a retailer as middlemen to sell its products, because retailer have control over prices of product in their care do to competitors. However, cost involves in distributing products direct to customer is a factor. A producer may not have the resources to recruit, train and equip salesmen. So it may rather make use of middlemen like retailer or agent to distribute it product to consumers. Question 4 Every organisation is striving to compete in a global market where consumers needs are standardised. Explain why companies strive to be global concerns rather than being national heavy weight. Companies strive to be global concerns because they want to widen their customers base by extending their products to other countries to enable them expand their market and gain more customers. They also strive to be global concerns because they want to increase turnover to make the company financially buoyant to manage all its activities effectively, to put smile on the face of shareholders and to encourage other to invest in the company. However, to ensure a very strong brand name is built by making it known to other countries globally just like what Dell, Nike, Sony, LG and Nokia Company as done. These companies have a very strong brand name by providing good quality of product to their customers, they also involves in sponsoring some activities that will advertise their brand name globally and to make them increase their product sales. Companies strive to be global concern rather than to be national heavy weight because they want to advance in technology, face challenges that will make them better than the national companies and to be able to compete globally or make their products to be known. Prepare marketing mix programmes for any consumers product and hospitality services. Compare and contrast the mix elements for the two. Marketing mix: this is the putting together of product, price, promotion and place used to implement marketing strategy. McDonalds uses various channels to build its brand name by providing quality products and targeting their product on workers and children to enable them gets access to their parents or guardians. They improve on product through listening to customers complains and customers needs on products to enable them give consumers a better product or service. Marketing mix programmes for consumers products in an organisation like McDonalds Restaurant. Product Product is anything that is offer to the market. McDonalds have different types of fast food product for their potential and existing customers; they make these products attractive by designing their menu in such a way that indicate what consumer will be having with any product they chose and what each product contain in a very simple way. However, they also know meeting customers requirements is very crucial on product because they can change taste at any time and these make them to check mate their customer preferable product by getting feedback from them and also through profits made on each product they are aware too. They are extremely careful when introducing new product to the market in order not to affect the existing product sales by redesigning packaging or adding extra features. McDonalds sales on product vary according to the stage they are in their product life cycle and the type of marketing undertaking also depend on the stage of a product. They present their product in more attractive way to motivate their customers to buy. http://www.mcdonalds.co.uk/static/pdf/aboutus/education/mcd_marketing.pdf 28/01/2010 Price Price is the amount customers paid for good or service. It play a very vital role in customers (demand) and producer (supply). These enable McDonalds to make their prices of product reasonable to customers in order to increase sales. However, they also determine price for product through looking at how customers will value the product. Medium Big mac  £3.89 Before they actually fix the price of Large and Medium Big mac, they look at how customers and potential customers will value the combination of the product by asking them selves if they would be able to pay  £3.89 for the combination of product. If yes, they can now fix price on that amount. They may cut down their price of product due to competitors as match with the lower prices which mean no extra demand of the product because consumers can get similar or the same product at the same price elsewhere. This will reduces the profit margin and sales. Promotion Promotion this is a way an organisation communicate with potential customers about its product. The purpose is to persuade customers to buy the product by advertising. McDonalds know the important of promotion on their products because there are many competitors in the market with similar product. So to differentiate their products from others they use various ways of advertising to tell the potential customers about the product and price through advertising on TV, radio, online, newspapers and magazines. However, they also use some promotional techniques such as direct mail, sales promotions, exhibitions, point of sales display, special offer etc to keep their customer inform. The aims of these marketing communications may be to increase customers, to visit the restaurant or to recommend the product to a friend. McDonald uses these promotional techniques to communicate to their customers in different ways. For example, if they would like to advertise on TV they collect some information from customers to know the kind of TV programme they watch most often, to enable them know the TV programme to use and it also make them to present the advert in a reasonable way that we call the attention of audience and look interesting to their targeted audience. Place Place is a way by which an organisation distribute its product to users or consumers. McDonalds distribute their product direct to customers by using good location and providing a place to eat the product to make customers feel relax and comfortable. Marketing mix programme for hospitality services at virgin Atlantic Airways Virgin Atlantic airways use marketing mix to strategise on the kind of products and services render to customers in order to satisfy them. Virgin Atlantic marketing mix Physical Evidence People Place Promotion Price Product Product Some products under air line companies are not physical while some are. Virgin Atlantic has different package of products that they do offer to customers in a different ways, they are: Customers destination and arrival airport Type of ticket or seat customer would prefer to buy (i.e. first class, economy and business class) Kind of food customer would prefer to eat when embarking on a journey (i.e. vegetarian food, meat and fish). The entertainment of customers through watching films, video games, radio. All these are Virgin Atlantic airways product that is package to satisfy their customer, l will like to talk about ticket or seat as a product. They have three type of seat or ticket to offer to customers and the different between these tickets depend on the service they render to individual. The more money you paid, the more value services you get. Price Virgin Atlantic airway makes decision on prices of ticket base on how many seats they would like to sell to customers because they are aware of the fact that cutting down prices do increase demand while high prices affect demand. However, they are been fair to their customers in terms of prices by providing a good offer that will make them happy, at the moment the price of New York economy seat is  £299 and first class is  £1,487 which will end 9th February 2010. Promotion Virgin Atlantic airways knows the important of advertising their product to the general public to enable them get more customers, they do these through TV, radio, newspapers, magazines, direct marketing techniques, personal selling and sales promotion. Direct marketing promotion is a techniques use by a business to communicate or update customers directly through email or telephone. Virgin Atlantic airways use these to update customers about their offer or deal of the month in order to increase sales. They also use it to get feedback from customers to know how enjoyable was their last trip and this enable them to improve in their service. Personal selling promotion this is the selling of product or service through face to face or telephone communication with customer or potential customers. Virgin Atlantic airline use personal selling to make customer or potential customer to locate or call their office for any information they may need before buying their product or service. Virgin Atlantic also use advert on Television, Newspapers and Radio to reach the general public about the offers or deals they have for them. Place Virgin Atlantic airways know the important of location for travellers who may miss place their bag during travelling to know where to go for collection or who miss their flight due to traffic delayed or for other reasons to enable them get access to another booking ticket at the airport in a discounted price. People People play a very vital role in rendering service. It also one of the components of extended marketing mix which talks about how employees strive to satisfy customers in term of service. Virgin Atlantic airways know the important of people and recruiting the right staff that will be able to give effective service to their customers. They also make sure their staff treat customers in the way they want to be treated by showing good manners and also to be able to give a good solution to any customers complains or assistance. Process Process is the procedure of how service is being carried out to customer without delay. If customers receive fast service these may make them come back agai

Analysis of Two Kinds by Amy Tan :: Two Kinds, Amy Tan

Analysis of Two Kinds by Amy Tan In the story â€Å"Two Kinds†, the author, Amy Tan, intends to make reader think of the meaning behind the story. She doesn’t speak out as an analyzer to illustrate what is the real problem between her and her mother. Instead, she uses her own point of view as a narrator to state what she has experienced and what she feels in her mind all along the story. She has not judged what is right or wrong based on her opinion. Instead of giving instruction of how to solve a family issue, the author chooses to write a narrative diary containing her true feeling toward events during her childhood, which offers reader not only a clear account, but insight on how the narrator feels frustrated due to failing her mother’s expectations which leads to a large conflict between the narrator and her mother. By stating how other people behave or interact, the author offers a great chance for readers to interpret fairly for themselves what the reason for any conflict may be, or the nature of any essential contrast between the narrator and other adults in the story. In the story, there are many self-righteous opinions from people, which seem to be ironic to the readers; For example, her mother’s aggressive attitude of showing off her daughter, her piano teacher’s self-praise claiming him as â€Å"Beethoven.† All of the narrations including conversation clearly depict a different characteristic between the narrator and other people. For instance, a conversation occurs between the narrator and her mother when the mother criticizing a girl who seems similar to the author on TV which reveals dissimilar understanding for both of them to each other’s behavior. At first, the daughter speaks out for the girl by questioning her mother by saying â€Å"why picking on her [†¦] She’s pretty good. Maybe she’s not the best, but she’s trying hard.† The daughter actually is defending for herself and reflecting that she feels uncomfortable with her mother’s disregard of her hard work. She wants to get her mother’s compliments instead of her criticisms. However, her mother response of, â€Å"just like you,† and, â€Å"not the best. Because you not trying.† Here, her mother doesn’t really answer her question, instead wants her put more effort on trying, neglecting how much she has tried before. However, in her mother’s perspective, she has never tried hard enough. By narratively stating the conversations she has encountered, readers perceive a strong implication of the reason for a future conflict between her and her mother.

Macro Environment Factors

Introduction The purpose of this report is to demonstrate an understanding of the marketing macro environment. The proposed research question was: Identify the macro environmental factors and discuss the impact this macro environmental factors will have on the industry or organizations involved.Firstly, this report will summaries the article, identify and explain the issues written in article. Followed is the definition and explain of macro environmental factors involved. Then the report topic will moving to the industry concerned and have a discussion of the impact that this macro environment factors will have on the industry. Finally there is a short conclusion highlighting the main points of this report. 2. 0 Summaries The article comes from DOWJONES mainly discussed some specialists’ standpoints of the change of Aussie dollar’s exchange rate and the reason of this fluctuate.In addition, this article analyzed the situation of those industries which can be affected by these economic environment factors. According to this article, tight monetary policy may be used causing by worldwide inflation. With the dropping and down of the interest rate, many industries may be effected directly, such as manufacturing industry, real estate industry and tourism industry. (Webb, Richard. 2011) The reason the article is being written is to show the change of the economic environment and give information to those people who want to understand the external marketing environment, such as marketers.Unless marketing managers understand the external environment, the organization cannot intelligently plan for the future. (Lamb,Charles et al. ,2009) For example, marketers come form real estate industry must scanning the macro-economic environment because macro-economic factors such as inflation, interest rates, and exchange rates impact on mortgage affordability and the real value of mortgage repayments over time. ( Boamah, Nicholas. Addai, 2010) 3. 0 Macro environment factorsThe external marketing environment consists of sociocultural, economic, technological, political and legal, and competitive variables. ( Lamb,Charles et al. ,2009) This article mainly discussed the situation of inflation, which is one of the economic environment factors. Inflation is a general rise in prices without a corresponding increase in wages, which results in decreased purchasing power. ( Lamb,Charles et al. ,2009) According to the article, there are diverse views on where the Aussie is heading, and this direction is critical for interest rates. In the worst case, Michael Workman predicted that later in the year where the local currency will be falling sharply at the same time the price of the manufactured goods we import by the container-shipload form China continues to rise. † (Webb, Richard. 2011) As mentioned, the manufacturing industry may face the raising price of those goods import form other countries because the falling of local currency. The second po int is Reserve Bank of Australia may increase interest rate to cut down the influence of inflation.That would take the home mortgage rates higher at the same time, which means people must pay more interests to the bank to get the loan. Then the real estate industry will be affected directly. Another industry will be influenced is tourism industry. With the higher currency price, people tend to go for an overseas holiday. The local tourism is being decimated. The tourism industry is also involved in the competitive environment. ( Webb, Richard. 2011) 4. 0 Industry involved In this article, three main industries are concerned: manufacturing industry, real estate industry and tourism industry. 5. 0 Impact of the factorsAs the discussion above in 3. 0, these industries are all affected by the inflation. In time of low inflation, business seeking to increase their profit margins can do so only by increase their efficiency. If they significantly increase price, no one will purchase their goods or services. In higher inflationary times, marketers use a number of pricing strategies to cope, and must be aware that inflation causes consumers either to build up or diminish their brand loyalty. Inflation pressures consumers to make more economical purchases, while still attempting to maintain their standard of living. (Lamb,Charles et al. 2009) From the article, the Australia local manufacturing industry was suffering as imports become extremely competitive and our exports more expensive. As same as the manufacturing industry, the local tourism industry also faced the international competitors. The original factor of this situation is the negative economic environment. Followed the inflation, the Reserve Bank of Australia tend to carry out the tight fiscal policy to control the economic environment. So numbers of experts indicated that interest rate would increase. With the increase of interest rate, the price of currency may tend to higher.High record of currency will le ad to different situation in different area. For customers, this will be a good chance to buy import goods and services. But for local industries, marketing managers must try to collect and evaluate environmental information and then creating marketing strategies to cope with inflation. (Lamb,Charles et al. ,2009) 6. 0 Conclusion The mainly factor of these three industries is economic environment; other factors also play a significant role in these industries, such as political and legal environment and competitive environment. These factors affect marketing together.Reference list Boamah, Nicholas. Addai. (2010). The impact of the macro-economic environment on institutional housing finance in Ghana. Housing finance international, Vol. 25, Issue 2, p28-34. Lamb,Charles. ,W. ,Hair,Joseph. ,F. ,McDaniel,Carl. ,Summers,Jane. ,Gardiner,Michael. (2009). MKTG(1ST Asia-Pacific edition). South Melbourne, Australia: Paul Petrulis. Webb, Richard. (2011, March 27. ) Trading with fire: Sunday a ge.

College Fair Essays

College Fair Essays College Fair Paper College Fair Paper Essay Topic: College application College Fair Assignment Q: Students will attend a College Fair and write a 3-5 page paper discussing what they learned from the experience. The college fair as a future school counselor was vastly inspiring. Seeing high school students be excited about their perspective futures brought a sense of contentment. It was also entirely informative on how to guide students towards being able to get the most out of their precious time choosing post-secondary education. The fair put on by Rhode Island Association of Admissions Officers (RIAAO) was exactly set up the way students should be walked through the college process as if they were sitting in a counseling office. First the RIAAO handed out their own pamphlets on the colleges attending and general financial aid information. These included handouts citing recent salaries and life-time earnings corresponding to levels of education. At this point in the hallway before the gymnasium housing the college representatives students and parents would often stop and look through the complimentary bags and became orientated on where the colleges were located. It became obvious that when counseling students, they need to be informed as well as their parents or guardians. The more informed and directed by a counselor prior to the fair the more comfortable they would be recognizing how to guide their growing adults into confidently approaching the college representatives. The college fair was organized but chaotic at the same time, stressing how at times the college pursuit can be entertaining and distracting. With the marketing of colleges seen at the fair it was sometimes obvious that distinguished universities were seen with awe. It is important to be proud of academic accomplishment like the badges of honor they proudly displayed as banners in front of their respective tables. At the same time the best education for a student can occur at any college. Students and parents should be open minded and weigh and contrast the appropriate differences in potential academic environments. Brown University, as an Ivy League school, for example constantly had crowds and noticeably different style of reaching out to students. Compared to The Rhode Island School of Design (RISD), Brown had a more salesmanship feel to their pitch. The students received earfuls of tradition from Brown and they would keep talking to whatever individual was directly inquiring but still was able to put a pamphlet into everyone’s hand that passed by. RISD on the other hand took a vastly different approach and did not even meet anyone’s eyes except the individual conversation they would enter. The RISD representative gave a very different and personalized approach, creating the feeling that college is a perspective home with people experiencing relevant education together. No student seemed as if they were doing nothing, it was very hard not to get caught up in the enthusiasm there. The college fair also felt like a used car lot as walking in between tables you felt eyes sizing you up. What struck interest was how certain students seemingly by themselves had notebooks and were furiously jotting down the representatives speech. Preparedness was instinctive and important to these individuals but personally notebooks and really in-depth questions over details of education and dorm conditions were a bit of a surprise to come across between tables. It was a rare phenomenon but at the same time brought back home the point that students and parents, who are informed, possibly with help by a school counselor, explored the college fair as a proactive experience and seemed more confident and excited about their application process leaving the fair. At the beginning of the fair the financial aid pamphlets were passed out and should be first to remember and positively not overlooked. Brown at forty-thousand for yearly tuition alone is a very expensive school and still met everyone as a potential student. Stating the cost brings to mind that as a school counselor your students and their parents need to recognize real financial concerns. The Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) needs to be filled out and possible scholarships and grants identified per student as their high school career nears completion. Finances need to be understood and addressed so that it stands as little in the way as possible to each student’s education so that it does not deter any excitement as they approach the rest of their lives as an adult. As a school counselor, the college fair was reassuring to see that joy and hope about education exist and is a beautiful thing to see in current students. The college process was simplified by seeing the college fair from a different perspective. There are endless amounts of colleges to choose from, and even though just in gymnasium there were a lot of colleges just in that room alone compared to the country. As a counselor these endless options and routes need to be organized and expressed to students in a manageable and enjoyable way like the fair was. Constantly gathering ongoing resources on any perspective college your student can be interested in is important to obtain before the interest is present and that is one way that expresses how counselors should be proactive about getting students proactive themselves.

The 22 Best Colleges in the Midwest

The 22 Best Colleges in the Midwest SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you from the Midwest and want to stay close to home for college? Do you want to experience life in the heartland or in one of America's underrated flyover states? If you’re considering going to college in the Midwest, you should have an idea of which schools are the best in the region. In this article, I’ll provide my rankings of the best colleges in the Midwest and explain how you should use my ranking list of the top Midwestern schools. Which States Are in the Midwest? For my rankings, here are the states that I considered to be in the Midwest: North Dakota, South Dakota, Illinois, Indiana, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Kansas, Nebraska, Iowa, Michigan, Ohio, Oklahoma, and Missouri.There is some argument about which states are in the Midwest. My apologies if you disagree with my assessment. How I Ranked the Best Colleges in the Midwest While rankings can be subjective, you can get a general idea of which colleges are better based on their reputations and objective statistics.I placed the22 topcolleges in the Midwest into four tiers, with tier one including the highest ranked schools.I determined my rankings by looking at the rankings from US News, Forbes, and Niche.Each ranking list uses different variables to determine its rankings, but here are some of the most important factors that are considered when determining college rankings: Academic Reputation- The academic reputation of a school is what education experts think about the academics at a particular college. US News gives a peer assessment survey to university presidents, provosts, and deans of admissions to help rate academic quality. Additionally, it surveys high school counselors across the country. Freshman Retention Rate- The freshman retention rate is the percentage of freshmen that return for their sophomore years. Typically, better colleges have higher retention rates. A high retention rate shows that students at the school are satisfied with the school and receiving the necessary support to succeed. Graduation Rate- The graduation rate is the percentage of students that graduate within 6 years. Better schools have higher graduation rates. If a higher percentage of students is graduating, then the students are seen as being more capable, and the college is providing the necessary support and resources to enable students to successfully finish college. Student Selectivity- Student selectivity refers to the qualifications of the students and the competitiveness of the admissions process. Better schools have students with higher high school GPAs and standardized test scores. Also, better schools tend to have lower acceptance rates. More selectivity generally equates to a higher caliber of student. Financial Resources- Ranking lists consider schools’ per student spending. More spending per student is indicative of having more resources and positively influences a school’s ranking. I weighted the US News rankings a little more heavily because US News has the most prestigious ranking list; therefore it has the greatest impact on a school’s reputation.All of the schools were among the top 25 Midwestern colleges in at least two of the three ranking lists I looked at.Honorable mention schools made the top 25 in at least one list. I included the average standardized test scores, acceptance rates, and US News ranking for each school. Because US News ranks national universities and liberal arts colleges separately, after the ranking, I put NU for national university or LA for liberal arts college.I also put public colleges in bold. Ruby.W./Flickr The 22 Best Colleges in the Midwset, Ranked Here are my rankings of the best colleges in the Midwest. Enjoy. Tier One The first tier of the best universitiesin the Midwest is composed of extremely selective private schools.Their acceptance rates range from 9% (University of Chicago) to 22% (University of Notre Dame). Also, their graduation rates are between 93% and 96%.They’re all top 15 schools in the country in their respective categories in the US News rankings, and all of the first tier schools meet 100% of demonstrated financial need.The only liberal arts college in the group is Carleton College. School Location Average SAT Average ACT Acceptance Rate US News Ranking Carleton College Northfield, MN 2135 31 21% #8 LA Northwestern University Evanston, IL 2170 33 15% #12 NU University of Chicago Chicago, IL 2228 33 9% #4 NU University of Notre Dame South Bend, IN 2130 33 22% #18 NU Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis, MO 2220 33 16% #15 NU University of Chicago (supafly/Flickr) Tier Two The second tier is composed of very well-regarded, selective colleges.All of the second tier schools are small liberal arts colleges, except the University of Michigan, which is considered to be one of the top public universities in the nation.Their acceptance rates range from 30% (Oberlin College) to 38% (Kenyon College), and their US News rankings are all in the top 30 in the country in their respective categories.Their graduation rates range from 86% (Grinnell) to 91% (University of Michigan).They all meet 100% of demonstrated financial need, except Kenyon (95%) and Michigan (85%). School Location Average SAT Average ACT Acceptance Rate US News Ranking Grinnell College Grinnell, IA 1375 (on Math and Critical Reading only) 30 35% #19 LA Kenyon College Gambier, OH 1988 30 38% #25 LA Macalester College St. Paul, MN 2015 31 34% #23 LA Oberlin College Oberlin, OH 2059 30 30% #23 LA University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Ann Arbor, MI 2041 30 33% #29 NU Tier Three The third tier is composed of a mix of private and public colleges from five different states.Their acceptance rates range from 42% (Case Western) to 62% (University of Illinois), and their US News rankings are between37 and51 in their respective categories.Their graduation rates range from 80% (DePauw) to 89% (St. Olaf).They meet from 69% (Illinois) to 99% (St. Olaf) of demonstrated financial need. School Location Average SAT Score Average ACT Score Acceptance Rate US News Ranking Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, OH 2032 31 42% #37 NU DePauw University Greencastle, IN 1780 27 61% #51 LA St. Olaf College Northfield, MN 1919 29 59% #51 LA University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Champaign, IL 1970 28 62% #41 NU University of Wisconsin Madison, WI 1916 28 51% #41 NU Case Western (OzinOH/flickr) Tier Four The fourth tier is composed of sevencolleges, four liberal arts colleges and three large public universities.Their acceptance rates range from 44% (University of Minnesota) to 73% (Lawrence University), and their US News rankings are from 55 to 66 in their respective categories.Their graduation rates range from 74% (Purdue) to 89% (Wheaton).They meet from 71% (Ohio State) to 97% (Denison) of demonstrated financial need. School Location Average SAT Score Average ACT Score Acceptance Rate US News Ranking Denison University Granville, OH 1264 (on Reading and Math only) 29 46% #55 LA Kalamazoo College Kalamazoo, MI 1854 28 67% #66 LA Lawrence University Appleton, WI 1900 29 73% #57 LA Ohio State University Columbus, OH 1864 28 56% #52 NU Purdue University West Lafayette, IN 1773 27 60% #61 NU University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN 1920 28 44% #69 NU Wheaton College (IL) Wheaton, IL Not Available Not Available Not Available #57 LA Honorable Mention Beloit College College of Wooster Drake University Earlham College Indiana University Michigan State University Wabash College The menacing Michigan State mascot (John Martinez Pavliga/Flickr) How Should You Use This List? If you want to go to one of the best colleges in the Midwest, research the schools on the list that interest you to determine if you want to apply to them.Think of the factors that are important to you in a college including cost, size, selectivity, location, and the majors offered.Look at the school’s website and use guidebooks, college finders, and search websites to help you in the college selection process. If possible, consult with teachers, counselors, parents, current students, and alumni. Also, just because a school didn’t make the list doesn’t mean it’s a bad school. In your college search, you should identify the school that’s the best fit for you. Some schools may not rank well because they’re not as selective or have fewer financial resources. However, they may have academic programs, professors, and a campus environment that will enable you to have a high quality of life while you’re in school and reach your academic and professional goals. What's Next? Do you want to go to one of the best colleges in the Midwest, but you're worried that your standardized test scores are too low? Check out the Ultimate SAT Prep Study Guideor15 ACT tips and tricks to help raise your score. Are you worried about the cost of attending a great college? Find out how much college really costs, learn how to save for school, and read this post abouthow to pay for college. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Organisations and behaviour Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Organisations and behaviour - Assignment Example The production efficiency methodology explains the method that breaks every action or small tasks into very simpler forms which can be evaluated easily and can be taught. The four principles of the theory are: 1) maximize individual skill and minimize job learning period, 2) design work, matching it to the workers, 3) monitor the performance of the worker and ensure that they are using the right method of working, 4) replace the thumb rule and in that place use the scientific method of work study (Sapru, 2013). Hawk Car Company initially adopted the Taylor method which brought them a lot of problems which are follows: The theory gave importance to productivity and profitability as a result there aroused exploitation of employees in the company. Taylor emphasized on the functional foremanship which says that one employee has to report to a number of managers and thus it loosens the unity of command which can create chaos and confusion in the organization. The employees at Hawk Car com pany suffered from the same problem The method elaborated by Taylor is mechanical in nature and it laid emphasis on efficiency of the work generated. He failed to take in to account the human element and considered workers as robots. Thus, Hawk Car Company assembly managers failed to understand the difficulties that are faced by the employees but concentrated on the efficiency of the work produced by the workers. ... This explains that the person who is at the top of the pyramid is the person to whom every person in the organization has to report (Nelson and Campbell, 2008). In case of Hawk Car Company, it used a hierarchical organizational structure where the workers on assembly line have no authority to give any suggestion to the design and running of the production line. The chain of command of the production department was such that the effectiveness of operation rested on how the people performed at each level and how they report to their assembly line managers. The scope of biasness may arise and the managers who are not open to feedback from employees create further communication gaps. As a result the workers in the Hawk Car Company lost interest in their work and were highly dissatisfied. The number of absenteeism increased as a result the production was affected. The hierarchical organizational structure can create too much distance between the leaders of the organization and the employe es. When there is too much authority in one hand, power dominates. As a result the employees feel low to work efficiently in the organization as their work is not valued by the management. The employees at the Hawk Car Company faced the same situation. The decision making process in this structure is directed from the top level as a result the employees have little say about the work they are assigned. They are not given the opportunity to express their own idea and process of doing a work. As a result they became less involved with the work they are doing. The employees of Hawk Car Company had no right to make any changes to the work process even if it is needed. Working in an assembly line is very difficult for the employees as it

The effect of minimum wage laws on income inequality Essay

The effect of minimum wage laws on income inequality - Essay Example Income inequality is one of the major problems faced by the society through out the world. It may vary in its extent from one country to another country, but is omnipresent in its existence. Several steps are required to reduce the income differences among different sections of the society. Even though effort have been made at government and non government levels, still lot of inequality in income is clearly visible which is to be managed effectively for better prosperity of mankind (Levy and Murnane, 1992). The effect of uneven distribution of income will certainly influence the income inequalities among different sections of the society. Minimum wages laws will significantly reduce these anomalies and reduce the income inequalities (David M Cutler and Lawrence F Katz,1992). However several researchers found that minimum wage laws may result in higher income inequalities (Cotterman, 1981 and Kaun, 1965). Literature has been collected from different sources relating to the origin of the minimum wages laws and their consequences in different countries. Similarly the information relating to the economic or income inequalities was also reviewed. Consequences of income inequalities and the necessity of minimum wages laws and international scenario of minimum wages were also studied and analyzed thoroughly. The positive and negative effects of minimum wages laws on income inequalities were discussed in detail. Wages are what a worker gets from money or solid appreciation of their work. This differs according to education and constitution the worker belongs to and works in. It is negotiable and thus the worker could offer more for his working time the more the appreciated he is and the effect of such behavior is the giving efficiently into the work done. If improperly done, the law has the right on the side of the customer and employer to cut